Gas-engine.



NQ. 814,609. PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906. E. C. KAVANAUGH. GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION `FLE) MAY 17, 1004.

3 SHEETS-SHEET L I Ji No. 814,609. l PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

- E. C. KAVANAUGH.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED MAY 17, 1904. l

s SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Illlll 'IIIIIIII ENTED-MAR. 6, E. o. KAVANAUGH. v

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION Hman :Luxx/'17, 1904.

SSHEBTS-SEBBT 3.

its objects the provision compression-chamber ELWIN e. KAVANAUGH, or HoLroKn,

PATEN T FFICF.

MASSAC-l i USET'IS.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906,

Application filed May 17, 1904. Serial No. 208,400.

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, ELWIN C. KAVANAUGH, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Holyoke, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have inventt ed certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

s invention relates to explosive-engines of the two-cycle type; and it has for one of of a machine of this character in which an impulse is imparted to the piston at each rotation of the crank-shaft. 'My invention has, furthermore, for its object the provision of a pair of connected cylinders and pistons simultaneously operable therein, one of said cylinders constituting a which is in communication With the other c linder constituting the acting'or explosion chamber.

y invention has, furthermore, for its object the provision of such a device in which the area of the compression-piston is greater than that of the working piston, so as to in- Sure a comparatively large su ply and subsequent high compression of tllie live gas prepa'atory to its delivery into the working cyl- 1n er.

Further objects of my invention will be attained by the peculiar organization and operation of the working pistonA which serves to close theA port leading from the compressioncylinder into the working .Cylinder during the active strokeof the working piston, as will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out-in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters denote similar parts, Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a gas-engine vembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar section taken in a plane at right .-m les relative to that of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section on line 3 3, Fig.2, and Fig. 4 represents a top View of the piston, the engine-casing being illustrated by dotted lines.

Brieiiy stated, my invention comprises an engine in which the upward stroke ofthe pisltonfresults in simultaneously drawing in a Y .charge of live gas into the compression-chamcompresslng a c'harve 1n the workmg g er and c lmder, whereupon near the completion of t s plston movement the compressed charge 'in the working cylinder -is tired and the piston moves downward to rotate the crank-shaft. and at .thegsame time to compress the charge of live gas in the coinpression-ehamber. As the piston approaches the end olA its downward stroke the exhaust-port is uneovered and the compressed charge olI live gas is permitted to enter the working evlinder and to drive out the products olI combustion therefrom.

'in the drawings l have shown a watercooled engine comprising a crank-shalt l0, journaled in bearings Il of a crank-case l2. Secured at the top olI this ease is the c vlindercasing i3, which in the present instance comprises a compression chamber or cylinder 14, in which a piston l5 is mounted for reciprocation.

Referring to Fig. l, it will be seen that the crank-case l2 has a cvlindrieul dome 16, the outer surface of which eontuets with the inner surface of the piston 15, so that the compression-chamber is in reulit)v annular in l'iive'gas is supplied through a pipe 17, und as the piston l5 rises the gas is stieked past tho check-valve LS and into the chamber It, while any pressure in the cylinder above the piston 15 may be relieved by an air-passage 19, connecting the upper end of the ejvlinder 16 with the interior of the crank-case l2.

Disposed above the compression-ehumber 14 and in axial alinement therewith is thc working cylinder or explosive chamber 20, smaller in arca than the chamber t-lund eontaining a piston 2], movable with the piston 15 amt-connected by a pitman 22 with the crank-shaft 10. The top of the explosioncylinder 2() is closed b'y a cap 23, provided with a sparking plug 24 of usual construction. The lower end of theI compressionchamber 14 is connected with the explosionchamber 2() by a gas-conduit 35, terminating ina port 26 in eonstant eonnnunit-ation with the chamber t4 and whieh is open into said chamber 2() when the piston 2l is at the end of its downstrolte, but is elosed therebiv during the initial upward movement thereof.

Disposed opposite the inlet-port 2G is au exhaust-port 27, through which the products of combustion resulting from the explosion of gas in the working cylinder may be discharged, both ports 26 and 27 being substantially in horizontal alincment, so that the movement of the piston 21 will result. in either opening or closing both of said ports '.siimlltaneously.

inasmuch as under the conditions above ITO armi

deS-oribed tile incoming gos nmy iind :t outlet through the rbeustmort 37, il. deem it expedient to provide ineens wliereoy tno ,flow of the charge of ges entering the explo, sion cylinder slmll be directed into tbe demi or remote part ol sind cylinder, said ineens consisting, substantially, of" :t dellector 38, Secured to or 'forming n part olf tbe piston 2l and so constituted that tbe entering gas `will be lioroed toward the top and neel' tbe Well ol' the cylinder 20, thus forcing tbe used gas out through the exliaust-port 27. When now the pistons rise, both ports 26 and '27 will be simultaneously closed and fresn gne will subsequently be sucked in by the piston l5 through n conduit 2), rvliile the live in the cylinder 20 will be compressed by the piston 21. As the pistons renali tbe end ol their upward stroke the charge in tbe cylin der is 'lired to give on impulse to pieton 21, the dowmvzud rooyenient ol which will result in causing the piston 1.5 to compress the 'liresli gos Contained in the coinpression-ehemDer it and in conduits J and 29 :is for :is the ebook-Valve i8 until tlie piston l 5 has lnoyed for enough to sluit oli' the conduit when. the eoinnession-sp1tce will consist only of the elnunber lli'- lielow tlie piston und the conduit is compressed under lenee the high tension, so tiret 'when the pistons have descended sidlieien3ly to open the ports 26 2'?" seid compressed gos enters` the Working @Vlinder i() under liigli initial velocityj wide-l1 @euses o rapid exhaust o'l used gas tllrougli the port Z'? md insures o thorough scouring oi the working qvlindor. Furthermore, on moouni, oi' t'ne loY for nrc-n. o-l` 'tire Compressioneylindor tire quent' y ol live gris passing through tbe port 3G is ample to leave n full charge in the Workinv (,fyliuder 2i).

'ln lView ol` the peculiar construction ol the eyliinler-Cnsing especial core niust be ener eised to provide l'or proper luln'iention ol the operating parte, and tbe system shown in the drawings po sesses meritorious len-tures.

Penetrnti tlie unter-joelr-it oi' the explo simi-eylinder 2O beyond tbe opeiupiston travel :uid :it :t doin below.` tbe upper fin ol tbe 'piston 2l einen in it?` louerniost posi ,ion ie n duet 30, rerfeiringf :t supply oi oil troni :t @up 3i sind lubricating;-tlie pinion 21. The oil will spread orer tbe sniljl'ot'o of tliis pieton one. also work its` wey into a, rene li?, formed by shortening` tlie pitnin :if-pin 3B, which muy be provided with :i longitudiiml elmnnel 34, l'ro'ni sif'liiol'l lnnlie :ty lend to the pineurl'nce "Elie om is rubly stxttiorniry in lug, .3o ot tbe pieton .2 l., and tbe lobi-rennt 'will sprawl l'roni tbv joint between tbe luge 3G end tin" beard oi' pi. nido 522, 'finding ite wey tmvitrd tire inerim' portone or the piston 2l, tlu'is lubr'e ting` this con tmtsnrliaffo with tbe exterior surface ot tbe dome lo. All surpln` oi oil 'will 'thence griiritzde into tbe l'mttom ol the el'loinber 14 und muy be drown oil' by e l i l l l i l eigene direct petcocl 37. The lubrieent applied to the surface of the piston 21 will also greyitote to the piston 15 and settle inthe olie-inbox' 1.4, as will be readily understood.

Ha Ting thus described my' invention, what l cla-iin, and desire to secure by Letters ?atent, is-

l. ln e gasfengine, the combination with e cylinder having the cylinder-chamber formed 'with portions of di'llerent diameters, end e piston Working therein' end formed with e lleuige or enlargement corres ending to the cylinder 'portion of the larger t ierneter, a gassupply inlet entering one end of the larger cylinder portion, a conduit leedinb' from the lower end portion of the larger cylinder.l portion into the smaller cylinder portion, end an tir-reliefl leading 'from u portion of the lerger (-.jliniler-clm'mber, above tlie piston enlargement downwardly to communiention with tbe oranl -inelosn1g portion oi' the engineeee ing. l

2. lo e gas-engine, a Granit-'casing formed with cylindrical dome, o cylinder secured. to

easing, seid cylinder eornprising e Working cylinder, end e compression-cylinder into the letter of which seid deine extends Where by seid eylimler Ais Inode annuler in form, 8; working piston in tlie 'tiret-mentioned oylnder and en annularpetonin the compressioncylinder, said annular piston being formed integral with the Working piston, n ges-inlet to the eompressioncylinder, e port by which tno eoinpreseed pression-cylinder to the Working cylinder, the outlet of said port being Vso located as to be closed by the workin piston except when the letter is et the end o? its Working stroke, and :in exliauetfport for tlie working cylinder disposed in nlin ement with the (fliseliarge-opening or seid 'first-n timed port, the er engernent being` suoli that the charge is compressed in the com pression -cylinder during the outward stroke of tlieworlzing pieton7 and delivered to theworking cylinder at the end of said stroke. 3. ln :i` geeengine, a crank-casing having an opening in the well thereof formed with e e nindrioal' dome, e cylinder secured -to said easing, said cylinder comprising n Working cylinder, and o coin nession-eylimler into the letter of' which seid doi'ne extends'wiiereby said cylinder is inode annular in forni, the dome forming the inner well tliereol, e lnollow piston surrounding seid dome and in slid: ing :ontaot therewith., said pieton formed et one end to constitute the piston l'or the 'workN ing; cylinder and et its opposite end to pron vide 'ktn annuler piston for the eornpreesionm cylinder, e goe-inlot to the compression-Cyl index' n, port by 'which tbe compressed charge posses frointlm compressiori-cylinder to tlie wgirnnog cylinder, the outlet of seid port being so located as to be closed by the Working pieton except when the letter is et the end of its working stroke, an exhaust-port for the charge passes from the com i IOS IIO

working cylinder disposed in alinement with portion of the compression-cylinder and ouenthe dischargeopening of said first-.named 1n into the crank-chamber. 1o port, the arrangement being such that the igned byme at Springeld,Massachusetts, Vcharge is com ressed in the comp'ression-eybv in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

-5 inder during t e outward stroke of the workf ELWIN' C. KAVANAUGH.

in piston, and delivered to the working eylg Witnesses:

Y in er at the end of the said stroke, and an air- WM.v S. BELLoWs.

relief passY communicating with the upper 'l A. V. LEAHYv 

